AI is poised to have an enormous impact on society. What should that impact be and who should get to decide it? The goal of this course is to critically examine AI research and deployment pipelines, with in-depth examinations of how we need to understand social structures to understand impact. In application domains, we will examine questions like “who are key stakeholders?”, “who is affected by this technology?” and “who benefits from this technology?”. We will also conversely examine: how can AI help us learn about these domains, and can we build from this knowledge to design AI for "social good"? As a graduate-level course, topics will focus on current research including development and deployment of technologies like large language models and decision support tools, and students will conduct a final research project.

Prerequisites: At least one graduate-level computer science course in Artificial Intelligence or Machine Learning (including NLP, Computer Vision, etc.), two preferred, or permission of the instructor. Students must be comfortable with reading recent research papers and discussing key concepts and ideas.

Acknowledgements Thank you to Dan Jurafsky, Yulia Tsvetkov, and Kristina Gligorić for sharing course materials and to Daniel Khashabi for sharing the course website template!

Schedule

The current class schedule is below. The schedule is subject to change, particularly the specific readings:

Date Topic Readings
Mon Aug 31 Introduction, Research Ethics [slides]
  1. The Belmont Report
  2. [optional] Avoiding Past Mistakes in Unethical Human Subjects Research: Moving From Artificial Intelligence Principles to Practice
Data Ownership
  1. "Facial recognition's 'dirty little secret': Millions of online photos scraped without consent", NBC article
  2. [optional] Buolamwini, Joy, and Timnit Gebru. "Gender shades: Intersectional accuracy disparities in commercial gender classification." FAccT. PMLR, 2018
  3. [optional] Fair Use and AI Training: Two Recent Decisions Highlight the Complexity of This Issue, Skadden Publication / AI Insights, 2025
  4. [optional] WikiHow v. OpenAI, 2026
Mon Sept 7 No class - Labor Day
Mon Sept 14 [slides] Data Privacy
  1. Lundberg, Ian, et al. "Privacy, ethics, and data access: A case study of the Fragile Families Challenge." Socius 5 (2019)
  2. Mireshghallah, Niloofar and Tianshi Li "Position: Privacy Is Not Just Memorization!", 2025
Data Workers
  1. Michelle Du and Chinasa T. Okolo, “Reimagining the future of data and AI labor in the Global South” Brooking Institute, 2025
  2. Browse the Data Workers' Inquiry (CONTENT WARNING: see Introduction slides)
Mon Sept 21 [slides] Energy Consumption of AI
  1. Luccioni, Sasha, Yacine Jernite, and Emma Strubell. "Power hungry processing: Watts driving the cost of AI deployment?." Proceedings of the 2024 ACM conference on fairness, accountability, and transparency. 2024.
  2. Andy Masley. "Using ChatGPT is not bad for the environment - a cheat sheet", Blog post, 2025.
Data Centers
  1. Han, Y., et al. "The unpaid toll: quantifying the public health impact of AI, arXiv." arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.06288 (2024).
  2. Bria Overs and Clara Longo de Freitas. "Johns Hopkins gets $9M for new data center as Baltimore debates a pause" The Baltimore Banner, 2026.
Mon Sept 28 [slides] Fairness, Bias, and Stereotypes: Overview [No required pre-reading]
Fairness, Bias, and Stereotypes: Generative AI
  1. Bianchi, Federico, et al. "Easily accessible text-to-image generation amplifies demographic stereotypes at large scale." FAccT 2023.
  2. Van Koevering, Katherine and Anjalie Field. "It’s How You Ask: Gender-Associated Linguistic Bias in LLMs." COLM 2026.
Mon Oct 5 Fairness, Bias, and Stereotypes: Human-in-the-loop
  1. Dasha Pruss. Ghosting the Machine: Judicial Resistance to a Recidivism Risk Assessment Instrument. FAccT 2023.
  2. Alex Albright. If You Give a Judge a Risk Score: Evidence from Kentucky Bail Decisions. 2019 [Only need to read the Abstract and Introduction]
Fairness, Bias, and Stereotypes: Political Bias
  1. Feng et al. "From Pretraining Data to Language Models to Downstream Tasks: Tracking the Trails of Political Biases Leading to Unfair NLP Models", ACL 2023.
  2. Waight, Hannah et al. "State media control shapes LLM behaviour by influencing training data." (2026)." Nature 2026.
Oct 9 Literature Review Due
Mon Oct 12 Value Sensitive Design
  1. Friedman, Batya, et al. "Value sensitive design and information systems." Early engagement and new technologies: Opening up the laboratory (2013): 55-95.
  2. Umbrello, Steven, and Ibo Van de Poel. "Mapping value sensitive design onto AI for social good principles." AI and Ethics 1.3 2021.
Participatory Design
  1. Brown, et al. 2019. Toward Algorithmic Accountability in Public Services: A Qualitative Study of Affected Community Perspectives on Algorithmic Decision-making in Child Welfare Services. CHI 2019.
  2. Sloane et al. Participation is not a Design Fix for Machine Learning. EAAMO 2022.
Mon Oct 19 Policy and Regulation: EU AI Act
  1. High-level summary of the AI Act, 2024
  2. Try out the EU AI Act's Compliance Checker
  3. "How Claude’s text watermark works", Anthropic, 2026
Policy and Regulation: Maryland
  1. "Protecting Marylanders in the Age of Artificial Intelligence", Statement on AI Principles from the Governor's Office
  2. Maryland Senate Bill 818, 2024
Oct 26 Proposal Presentations

Policies

Attendance policy This is a graduate-level course revolving around in-person discussion. Students are expected to attend class and may notify instructors if there are extenuating circumstances.

Course Conduct This is a discussion class focused on controversial topics. All students are expected to respect everyone's perspective and input and to contribute towards creating a welcoming and inclusive climate. We the instructors will strive to make this classroom an inclusive space for all students, and we welcome feedback on ways to improve.

Academic Integrity This course will have a zero-tolerance philosophy regarding plagiarism or other forms of cheating, and incidents of academic dishonesty will be reported. A student who has doubts about how the Honor Code applies to this course should obtain specific guidance from the course instructor before submitting the respective assignment.

Discrimination and Harrasment The Johns Hopkins University is committed to equal opportunity for its faculty, staff, and students. To that end, the university does not discriminate on the basis of sex, gender, marital status, pregnancy, race, color, ethnicity, national origin, age, disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, veteran status, military status, immigration status or other legally protected characteristic. The University's Discrimination and Harassment Policy and Procedures provides information on how to report or file a complaint of discrimination or harassment based on any of the protected statuses listed in the earlier sentence, and the University’s prompt and equitable response to such complaints.

Personal Well-being Take care of yourself! Being a student can be challenging and your physical and mental health is important. If you need support, please seek it out. Here are several of the many helpful resources on campus: